When is wake turbulence the strongest?

Wake turbulence is strongest behind large, slow airplanes during takeoff or landing due to the specific aerodynamic characteristics present during these phases of flight. When a large aircraft generates lift, it produces circulating air patterns called wake vortices that trail from the wingtips. These vortices are most pronounced when the aircraft is flying at low speeds and high angles of attack, typically during takeoff and landing.

As the aircraft climbs or descends, the intensity of these vortices decreases, but they can still pose a hazard for smaller aircraft following behind. In addition, the strength of wake turbulence diminishes with altitude and distance from the source, making it less of a concern during cruise flight or at higher altitudes where airspeed is generally greater and the vortices have dissipated.

While wake turbulence can occur in various locations, it is particularly critical to be aware of it in airport environments, especially near runways where large aircraft are operating. This awareness is essential for enhancing safety in the vicinity of takeoff and landing zones.