What must you do during a turn?

During a turn, applying back pressure on the elevator control is essential to maintain altitude. When an aircraft banks into a turn, it experiences a decrease in lift due to the horizontal component of the lift vector being directed into the turn rather than solely opposing gravity. To compensate for this loss of vertical lift, you must pull back on the control column or yoke, which increases the angle of attack of the wings and helps maintain altitude.

This back pressure ensures that the aircraft continues to climb or maintain level flight during the turn, rather than descending. It's important to balance this back pressure with the appropriate amount of aileron input to achieve a smooth and coordinated turn, thereby preventing the airplane from losing altitude inadvertently.

Other maneuvers, such as reducing engine throttle, may sometimes occur during a turn to control airspeed or power, but they are not universally required in every situation. Similarly, banking the aircraft at a 90-degree angle is an excessive and unsafe maneuver for a standard turn, and using only rudder input does not provide the necessary control for maintaining altitude and coordinating the turn properly.